Support for Ehrenreich’s Analysis Using Real World Examples

Equality is the quality of equal. Economy is the opposite of equality. No matter how much we want to earn the same as the person next to us, it all depends on your social class. Since ancient time the society is divided into three class level. We are all familiar with the upper, middle, and lower classes. Every individual falls within the range in one of these classes. Equality among these social classes can never come to existence. I support Ehrenreich’s analysis because the rich will continue to prosper while the poor will always have to work ten times harder to provide for their necessary things and the gap between upper and middle class increases. As time passes the gap between upper and middle class is increasing at a fast paste. Most of those who classify themselves as middle class are now falling under the category of lower class. In 1978 an average worker worked a minimum of $48,302 and the upper class earned a minimum of $ 393,682. Since then the economic condition h as changed. The state of nature states that the world we live in is all about survival of the fittest. Equality will not be reach unless we overcome these three things, competition, difference and glory. The first makes men invade for Gain; the second, for Safety; and the third, for Reputation† (Thomas Hobbes on Natural and Social Equality). Towards the final chapter of â€Å"Nickel and Dimed† Ehrenreich states that â€Å"Some odd optical property of our

It280 Computer Maintanence and Training Manual - 5725 Words

Computer Maintenance and Training Manual Table of content Chapter 1 Safety Environmental concerns Power Protection Dust, static, and heat issues Downloading unauthorized software Chapter 2 Maintenance and Cleaning Tower Monitor Keyboard Mouse Chapter 3 Internal hardware installation Motherboard Power Supply Processor Memory Hard Drives Chapter 4 Basic Principles for supporting I/O Devices and Multimedia and Mass Storage Devices Installing a Video Card Installing a DVD Drive Chapter 1 Safety * Environmental Concerns There are many methods that can be used to dispose of obsolete computer equipment. These include employee giveaways, donations to charity, and in some cases, an execution of the old†¦show more content†¦* If you do not plan to use the computer for a while, try either turning it off, or putting it into a power save mode. This will allow the computer to take a break and cool off for a while. * Try to avoid having a computer placed right next to a floor heater of any kind as this will just increase the amount of external heat being taken in by the computer. With these few simple steps you are on your way to having a cooler safer computer, but there are other issues to look out for, leading me into my next topic. Dust!!! Now don’t get me wrong, I’m not saying anyone has a dirty house, but it’s a fact that dust is everywhere. There is no real way to avoid it. I don’t know what it is, but I swear computers live to suck in dirt and dust and just let it sit there. I tend to clean my computer twice a year because I can barely see through the vent fans anymore. Try some of these tips to help out: * Use a vacuum with a bristle head to lightly clean the vent fans and the computer case. This also works for laptops. The bristles are a good way to remove loads of dirt and dust and to make sure your computer can vent properly. * Canned Air is a must for any computer technician; I know we have loads of it at work. You can buy it at any store, really, from Staples to Stop amp; Shop. Take the computer outside and

Epidemiology and Control of Communicable †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Epidemiology and Control of Communicable. Answer: Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus can live on skin for the longer period and they also prefer to live in warmest, darkest place such as the nose. Therefore, in this condition both the patients are described as colonized (3). In IV drug user, injection drug is one of the major sources of HIV infection as people can get HIV from sharing drug preparation or injecting equipments. Shared needle is basically the main cause of infection because as it contains contaminated blood of infected persons and peripheral blood, lymphoid tissue and bone marrow is the main reservoir for infection. IV drug users take injected drugs that are introduced into the bloodstream using needle and syringe. HIV infected blood can get into blood stream at the time of preparation of drug using blood contaminated syringes, reusing bottles to dissolve drugs into water and reusing cottons to filter out things that block the needles (9). Immunogenicity is the ability of the human body immune system to induce adaptive and humoral cell immune response in response to entry of an antigen. It is a means to check transmissibility of infection by provoking an immune action against the infection. It leads to immunologic memory. Therapeutic agents like proteins leads to hypersensitive reaction and formation of antibodies against the protein. The level of immune status and genetic factor has impact on immunogenicity. Thus immunogenicity is a fctor that indirectly minimizes the transmissibility of disease or infection (8). Infectious agents such as protozoa, bacterium or virus changes surface proteins in order to evade immune response of host. This kind of antigenic variation in an organism is a mechanism to target specific host, repeatedly infect single host and quickly transmit to host cells. It is a response by organism to fight against immunogenicity of host cells. It is an approach to immune evasion by pathogen and reinfecting host as antigen is not recognized by immune system (5). Polio epidemic was first encountered in the nineteenth century. With change in times and improved environmental hygiene and sanitation, age at which people are diagnosed with polio will significantly increase. Children will encounter the virus at increased age compared to previous polio cases in children. Before development in sanitation, children became exposed to the virus but exposure provided them with permanent immunity to the virus. But with modern ideas in hygiene, children are not exposed the virus in infancy and they do not develop natural immunity against it. The ultimate result is that severe symptoms of disease began to be seen. Now there are relatively fewer cases in young children and increase in number of young adults affected by it (2). If a person contracts polio infection, symptoms appear within 5-35 days. The subclinical infection of polio is associated with headache, fever vomiting and sore throat while clinical infection affects the central nervous system. Symptoms of clinical infection include back pain, skin rash, fever, difficulty in breathing, muscle spasm, etc. 90% of polio infection is subclinical type of infection. Polio infection aggravates due to environmental sources of infection like contaminated water, food, flies and poor sanitation. With the improvement in environmental sanitation and hygiene, enteric infection will get delayed and it will reduce the clinical: subclinical ratio of polio cases in endemic area. Hepatitis A virus infection is transmitted through ingestion of contaminated water, food or direct contact with infectious person. In order to give advice to Community Aid abroad to prevent infection, it will be necessary know about overseas environmental factors like availability of safe water, food safety procedures and level of sanitation and hygiene in the country. Countries with poor sanitary condition and hygiene practice have been found to have more number of cases of Hepatitis A infection (6). In CAA workers it is necessary to know about their sanitary habits, their living conditions and the kind of foods they consume. It is important because often people living lesser developed areas have more chance of infection. Poor and low quality food also has chance of Hepatitis A infection, so knowing this factors about CAA workers will be necessary. Gonorrhea is caused by gram negative agent diplococcus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and the infection occurs in the upper or lower tract, rectum area, cervix, urethra and bloodstream. The bacterium does not survive in the environment and prefers CO2 environment, so urogenital site is the main site for infection. Sexually active men and women are at high risk of acquiring this kind of infection and transmitting the disease. Vertical transmission also occurs by transfer from mother to child during birth. Once the Neisseria gonorrhoeae enters the mucous membrane of urogenital tracts, they utlize their surface pili to anchor at the infection site and target non-ciliated epithelial cells, The pili prevents the phagocytosis of neutrophils and digests IgA on the surface of urethra and cervix. This is done by IgA protease within the pili and helps in attachment of bacteria to these surfaces. This adherence allows transmission of organism inside the fallopian tube and initiates the mechanism of infection. The gonococci replicates after adherence to non-ciliated cells where they are exocytosed into subepithelial cells and inflammations and other symptoms occur. Socioenvironemtal factors like practices of sex and use of safe practices alo affects the transmission of the disease (7). Gonorrhea and Chlamydia can be prevented or treated with antibiotic given to patients orally or by injection. Antibiotic treatment disrupts the chain of transmission of bacterium and prevents the infection from getting worse. Generally combination of dual antibiotics like cephalosporin and azithromycin is used to improve efficacy of treatment. Ciprofloxacin also used in treating sexually transmitted disease (1). Other methods for controlling infections include using antiviral medication or dug combination therapy. The methods for prevention will include health education to provide information about sexual health and interventions to promote sexual health The recent sharp increase of gonorrhea from 1400 per 100,000 population in 1999 to 2225 in per 100,000 population in 2009 indicate a possible decline in safe sex practice which increase the gonorrhea transmission. The other factor is the decreased sensitivity of N. gonorrhoea to antimicrobial drugs (8). Sensitivity Specificity Positive predictive value Negative predictive value Culture and sensitivity 8% 7.5% 93.75% 98.36% Urinary PCR 9% 7.5% 83.33% 100% The symptoms of gonorrhea are mostly asymptomatic in both men and women. As gonnorhea is asymptomatic, screening is critical for identification and prevention of upper genital tract infection and preventing all forns of transmission. The gonnorhea surveillance will involve widespread routine genital screening to assess risk for infection among women. Women are at more risk due to multiple sex partners, inconsistent condom use and HIV infection associated with sexual activity. Pharyngeal screening is also essential for identification of those women who were missed with traditional genital tract screening (4). Due to asymptomatic characteristics of the disease, widespread screening is essential to identify people who are at risk of the disease. Specific testing for gonorrhea because of apparent notification rate in males and females. Yes, this is also the case for indigenous community because they have limited access to sexual health service and so surveillance will be of utmost importance. References: Andric B, Drowos J, Trepka MJ, Suciu G, Alonso A, Hennekens CH. High frequencies of negative pretreatment results following presumptive antibiotic treatment for chlamydia and gonorrhea. Southern medical journal. 2013 May;106(5):321-6. Closser S, Cox K, Parris TM, Landis RM, Justice J, Gopinath R, Maes K, Amaha HB, Mohammed IZ, Dukku AM, Omidian PA. The impact of polio eradication on routine immunization and primary health care: a mixed-methods study. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2014 Apr 1:jit232. Danielsson-Tham ML. Staphylococcal Food Poisoning. Food Associated Pathogens. 2013 Sep 25:250. (1.1) Fagan PS, Downing SG, McCall BJ, Carroll HJ, Howard TM, Palmer CM. Enhanced surveillance for gonorrhoea in two diverse settings in Queensland in the 2000s: comparative epidemiology and selected management outcomes This paper analyses enhanced surveillance data for gonorrhoea from an urban and a remote region of Queensland during the 2000s. It describes the diverse epidemiology of this condition in these two populations and details management challenges and outcomes. Page last updated: 21 February 2014. (3.5a) Guizetti J, Scherf A. Silence, activate, poise and switch! Mechanisms of antigenic variation in Plasmodium falciparum. Cellular microbiology. 2013 May 1;15(5):718-26. (1.5) Hlady RA, Tiedemann RL, Puszyk W, Zendejas I, Roberts LR, Choi JH, Liu C, Robertson KD. Epigenetic signatures of alcohol abuse and hepatitis infection during human hepatocarcinogenesis. Oncotarget. 2014 Oct 15;5(19):9425. (2.2) Leone PA, Hynes NA, McGovern BH. Epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical manifestations of Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection. UpToDate.[Online][Cited: February 18, 2014.] https://www. uptodate. com/contents/epidemiologypathogenesis-and-clinical-manifestations-of-neisseria-gonorrhoeae-infection. 2013. (3.1) Metcalf CJ, Ferrari M, Graham AL, Grenfell BT. Understanding Herd Immunity. Trends in immunology. 2015 Dec 31;36(12):753-5. (1.4) Westergaard RP, Hess T, Astemborski J, Mehta SH, Kirk GD. Longitudinal changes in engagement in care and viral suppression for HIV-infected injection drug users. AIDS (London, England). 2013 Oct 23;27(16):2559. (1.2)

The Rigors Of Cracling Indias Markets Essays - Economic Ideologies

The Rigors Of Cracling Indias Markets The Rigors of Cracking Indias Markets The economic reform of India is running at a rather slow pace. The government still controls a lot of businesses and is not moving quickly to enhance the countrys growth. The Government should allow private investments in business. This would allow more growth opportunities and more jobs skills for the people of India. The restrictions the government places on the media tries to cover the eyes and ears of the Indian people. The recent approval of satellites has enabled web access and the ability to read some international news, but there is still a need to loosen the restrictions so that the people of India are not shut out. The liberalization of the telecommunications industry has had a huge impact on the society and has increased phone sales dramatically. The service, which used to have a 5-year wait to be connected, now can be done in a couple of days. The government is also scheduled to lose its monopoly on the long distance service business as well. This should allow more competition in the market and thus more jobs for the Indian people. Trade reform has had its share of problems as well. Even though India is a member of the WTO it still has certain barriers and restrictions in place. There have been many family businesses that have closed and the owners still have to pay their employees. There is a need for labor laws that would protect the employer and the employee. Financial reform is a must if India wants to progress in the new millennium. If the government would allow private investment companies to develop their financial markets, the interest of international businesses would surge. This would certainly attract foreign direct investments and boost the economy. With over 1 billion people I feel that many multinational companies would want to tap into such a huge labor pool. There is still a lot of progress to be made, but if the government continues to loosen its grip, this can only benefit the country as a whole. Government Essays